Sunstroke and Heatstroke: Symptoms and What to Do
Time spent outdoors, the pool, and sunshine - a hot summer day is drawing to a close. If you experience a headache, nausea, or dizziness a few hours later, sunstroke could be the cause. If left untreated, it can develop into the more dangerous heatstroke. Find out the difference between sunstroke and heatstroke, the symptoms, and the best ways to treat them here!
Causes and Signs of Sunstroke
Sunstroke can occur when the head has been exposed to prolonged and direct sunlight. The symptoms are extremely unpleasant and usually set in a few hours later. However, if treated properly, sunstroke should last only a few hours to a maximum of two days. Heatstroke, on the other hand, can last a bit longer, depending on its severity.
What is the difference between sunstroke and heatstroke?
Sunstroke is a heat-related illness caused by irritation of the meninges following direct and intense exposure of the head and neck to sunlight. In most cases, sunstroke is not a medical emergency; however, in severe cases, confusion and loss of consciousness may occur. In such cases, medical help should be sought immediately.
Symptoms of sunstroke:
Throbbing headache (often localized to the forehead and neck)
Dizziness
Nausea
Red and hot skin
Heatstroke can occur if a person spends a long time in extreme temperatures or if sunstroke is not treated properly. Overheating of the entire body can lead to a life-threatening rise in body temperature. If symptoms do not improve or if confusion or impaired consciousness occurs, call emergency services immediately.
Additional symptoms of heatstroke:
Body temperature above 39 degrees
Confusion
Altered consciousness
What provides quick relief from sunstroke?
In any case, the affected person should be moved immediately out of the sun and into the shade or to a cool place. Be sure to elevate their head and cool it with damp cloths. It’s also important to ensure adequate hydration with water, isotonic drinks, or tea.
To be fully prepared for other potential issues while on vacation, we also recommend packing a first-aid kit. Read our article to learn how to put one together: Travel first-aid kit: What should not be missing?
Preventing overheating?
To prevent sunstroke or heatstroke from occurring in the first place, you should seek shade whenever possible in high temperatures, wear a hat, drink plenty of fluids, and avoid physical exertion during the midday heat. Special caution is advised, especially for at-risk groups such as children and older adults, as they are more sensitive to sunlight and their bodies often cannot regulate heat adequately.
Do you have any further questions about treating heat-related illnesses? Then consult your doctor or pharmacist. At APO24, you can find the opening hours and on-call services of Austrian pharmacies.
Ihr APO24-Team